Journal: The Journal of infectious diseases

Article Title: Protein Energy Malnutrition Decreases Immunity and Increases Susceptibility to Influenza Infection in Mice

doi: 10.1093/infdis/jis527

Figure Lengend Snippet: A, B, Very low protein (VLP) diet leads to reduced growth and a decrease in serum leptin concentration. Mice maintained on the adequate protein (AP) and VLP diets were assessed daily for percent change in original body weight (A) and serum leptin concentration (B) at 5 weeks after beginning the feeding regimen. A, Results are shown from 1 of 2 independent experiments and consists of 5 mice per group. B, Serum leptin concentration is shown from 6 mice in each group. Error bars represent mean ± SEM. The differences in mean body weights between the VLP and AP groups were statistically significant as follows: P < .001 for day 9 and P < .0001 for days 10–38. C, Mice on the VLP diet show increased susceptibility to influenza infection. Mice maintained on the AP or VLP diets were infected with either A/PR8 or A/Mex influenza and assessed for virus-induced mortality (percent survival). Data represent results from 3 independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Following the manufacturer’s protocol, serum leptin concentrations were measured using a mouse enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (GenWay Biotech, California).

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Infection, Virus

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports

Article Title: Deletion of Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Gene ABCA7 Alters White Adipose Tissue Development and Leptin Levels

doi: 10.3233/ADR-170029

Figure Lengend Snippet: Deletion of ABCA7 reduces the circulating leptin level in female Abca7 –/– mice. A) A theoretical plot depicts the linear relationship between circulating leptin level and WAT mass. B) A theoretical plot depicts the inverse relationship between circulating leptin level and AD risk, i.e., the higher the leptin level the lower the AD risk. C) Plasma leptin levels were significantly reduced in female Abca7 –/– mice as measured by ELISA. Data represent mean ( n = 6) and SE as error bars, * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Plasma leptin and insulin were measured by ELISA following manufacturer’s protocols –leptin (Millipore cat.# EZML-82K) and insulin (Millipore cat.# EZRMI-13K).

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports

Article Title: Deletion of Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Gene ABCA7 Alters White Adipose Tissue Development and Leptin Levels

doi: 10.3233/ADR-170029

Figure Lengend Snippet: Leptin expression in white adipose tissue and adipocytes. A) No significant difference in leptin mRNA or protein expression in WAT between wild type and Abca7 –/– mice as measured by qPCR and ELISA respectively. Data represent mean ( n = 6) and SE as error bars. B) 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes. Fully differentiated adipocytes contain lipid pools as stained by Oil O Red. The expression of ABCA7 is upregulated in adipocytes. C) Adipocytes were successfully transfected with Abca7 cDNA as measured by qPCR; an empty vector was used as a control. Data represent mean ( n = 6) and SE as error bars, * p < 0.01. D) No significant change in leptin mRNA expression in the Abca7-transfected adipocytes as measured by qPCR.

Article Snippet: Plasma leptin and insulin were measured by ELISA following manufacturer’s protocols –leptin (Millipore cat.# EZML-82K) and insulin (Millipore cat.# EZRMI-13K).

Techniques: Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Control